Herman Hollerith pioneered the use of punched card tabulating machines, securing an early success by enabling the 1890 U.S. Census to be processed in unprecedented time.
Building on this achievement, he founded the Tabulating Machine Company in 1896, later consolidated into the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company and finally renamed International Business Machines (IBM).
Establishing the technological foundation of the corporation's dominance of data processing for decades to come.
However, after this bright start, Hollerith's fai
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